Endometriosis affects 1 in 10 women in the UK, and with March being Endometriosis Awareness Month, Dr. Bhavini Shah, a GP at LloydsPharmacy Online Doctor, shares tips to help manage its symptoms.
Here are seven strategies to relieve the discomfort caused by endometriosis:
1. Apply Heat
Using a hot water bottle or heated wheat bag can ease endometriosis pain, according to Endometriosis UK. A warm bath also helps by relaxing pelvic muscles, improving blood flow, and enhancing nerve function. However, never place heat directly on the skin.
2. Physiotherapy
Physiotherapists can create personalized exercise and relaxation routines to strengthen or relax pelvic floor muscles. These techniques help reduce pain and manage stress and anxiety.
3. Painkillers
Over-the-counter painkillers like paracetamol can ease mild pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, are more effective if taken before a period or when pain is anticipated. For severe pain, stronger medications like codeine may be necessary, though they can cause side effects like constipation. A GP can assist in managing pain effectively.
4. TENS Machines
TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) machines provide a drug-free way to relieve pain. They use electrodes to send gentle vibrations through the skin, relaxing muscles and easing aches. However, those with heart conditions or who are pregnant should consult a GP before using a TENS machine.
5. Amitriptyline
Amitriptyline, often prescribed for depression, can also be used to manage pain. It works by changing the way the brain perceives pain. For endometriosis, smaller doses are used, and these can be taken in pill or liquid form. It’s important to consult with a GP before using this medication.
6. Hormonal Treatments
Hormonal therapies such as the pill, hormonal coil, or implant can help control endometriosis symptoms. These treatments often stop the ovaries from producing estrogen, which can cause side effects similar to menopause.
7. Surgery
Surgical options may be considered for severe symptoms. The appropriate procedure depends on various factors, including age and future fertility plans.
Laparoscopy is a common surgery that removes or destroys endometriosis tissue using heat or lasers. While it can offer symptom relief, the condition may return over time.
Hysterectomy involves removing the uterus and, in some cases, the ovaries. While this can be a last-resort option, it may cause irreversible menopause if the ovaries are removed.
Oophorectomy is the removal of one or both ovaries, potentially leading to menopause.
These surgical options are irreversible and should be carefully discussed with a GP or consultant before making a decision.
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