Researchers at the University of Adelaide are warning doctors and patients against the routine use of certain steroid treatments for female infertility. Their concern is that these drugs may increase the risks of miscarriage, preterm birth, and birth defects unless there is a clear medical reason to use them.
In a study published in the journal Human Reproduction, the team from the University’s Robinson Research Institute, led by Professor Sarah Robertson, explains that corticosteroids like prednisolone are often given to women facing repeated IVF failures or recurrent miscarriages. Many believe these drugs help by reducing immune cells called “natural killer” cells, which they think harm pregnancy. However, this is a misunderstanding.
Despite their name, natural killer cells are actually vital for a healthy pregnancy. They help build a strong placenta that supports fetal growth. Suppressing these immune cells with steroids can disrupt this process and cause serious problems later in pregnancy.
Professor Robertson stresses that the immune system plays an essential role in fertility and pregnancy health. Steroid drugs suppress the body’s natural immune response, which may seem helpful but can actually lead to dangerous complications.
Research shows that taking corticosteroids during the first trimester raises the risk of miscarriage by 64%, more than doubles the chance of preterm birth, and increases the risk of birth defects—especially cleft palate—by three to four times.
The researchers urge doctors and patients to focus on the long-term health of the child, not just achieving pregnancy. Steroids like prednisolone should not be widely used unless the patient has a diagnosed autoimmune condition, which is rare.
Professor Robertson’s advice is clear: IVF clinics should avoid prescribing these steroids routinely and discuss potential risks with patients who ask for them.
In summary, while corticosteroids may seem like a quick fix, their inappropriate use could harm both mother and baby. Careful, evidence-based treatment is vital to ensure healthy pregnancies and better outcomes for children.
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