A systematic review led by researchers at Monash University highlights the need to address weight stigma in the management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), emphasizing that an excessive focus on weight loss can adversely affect the mental health and well-being of those affected. The findings, published in Obesity Reviews, suggest that weight stigma serves as a barrier for women seeking treatment for PCOS and calls for enhanced education for healthcare professionals on this critical issue.
PCOS is an endocrine disorder that impacts 10-13% of women of reproductive age, leading to a range of symptoms including menstrual irregularities, infertility, excess body hair, and an increased risk of cardiometabolic conditions such as diabetes, in addition to weight gain. While lifestyle modifications involving diet and physical activity can improve reproductive, cardiometabolic, and psychological symptoms, a significant focus on weight loss may be counterproductive.
The review, conducted by the Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), analyzed 68 relevant research studies centered on the lifestyle management of PCOS, particularly dietary and exercise interventions. The research found a consensus among participants that the education provided to healthcare professionals about PCOS and its lifestyle management was inadequate, leading to suboptimal care and health outcomes.
Crucially, the review identified that weight stigma adversely affects individuals with PCOS, regardless of their body size, compromising the quality of care they receive and influencing their self-perception and mental health. Many patients felt that lifestyle management discussions were overly centered on weight loss and fertility, often overlooking their personal motivations and goals.
The study advocates for systemic changes, including enhanced education for healthcare professionals regarding lifestyle management and fostering greater collaboration across various medical disciplines. Associate Professor Lisa Moran, joint senior author and leader of MCHRI’s Healthy Lifestyle Program, emphasized the importance of tailoring care to individual needs rather than perpetuating weight-centric approaches. “Lifestyle advice should be delivered by a multidisciplinary team, including dietitians, to ensure sustainable health improvements,” she stated. “Our findings indicate that personalized, PCOS-specific lifestyle advice is essential.”
Margaret McGowan, the first author of the review and a dietitian pursuing her PhD at MCHRI, noted that weight stigma poses a significant barrier to accessing appropriate PCOS care. She highlighted the differing impacts of weight stigma on individuals of various body sizes. “Those in smaller bodies may be overlooked for lifestyle management due to being perceived as ‘healthy,’ while those in larger bodies often receive care focused solely on weight loss, ignoring other critical health concerns,” McGowan explained.
Dr. Steph Cowan, also a joint senior author from MCHRI, reiterated the need for increased training among healthcare professionals, emphasizing the importance of patient-centered care. The review advocates for a shift in focus toward a more inclusive and individualized approach to managing PCOS, recognizing the diverse experiences and needs of those living with the condition.
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